中山管理評論  1997/3
第5卷第1期 p.75-96
Department of Business Management National Sun Yat-sen University、Department of Insurance Feng Chia University
當被係險人在契約簽定後,擁有隱藏性訊息時,從倫理觀點來看,相關的自我損失預防及維護訊息之改變,必需傳遞給你險人,唯有如此,方能避免事後逆選擇的發生。在本文中,我們認為在反映完全訊息傳遞與接受的競爭性係險市場中,其至佳均衡解必需是為一足額保險之分隔均衡。因此,在且在逆選擇之情況下,不存在有交叉補貼。此外,依據強性保險倫理準則,檢定其他均衡模型之效率,我們最後歸納出可能存在的至佳、善佳、次佳、再次佳均衡解。
(633513791862500000.pdf 26KB)隱藏性訊息、逆選擇、訊息傳遞、強性保險倫理
When agents(insured)possess hidden information after the contracts being made, from ethical point of view, the new signals about the extent of self-protection must be sent to the insurer which are essential for avoiding ex-post adverse selection and cross-subsidization. In his paper we provide the strong insurance ethic criteria and argue that for both efficiency and equity, a separating equilibrium with ex"ante a~d ex-post signaling is the utmost best one for the competitive insurance markets. We then Provide the taxonomy of market efficiency and utilize that to assess several well-known insurance models and, in tum, find its utmost best, first best, second best and third best equilibrium.
(633513791862500000.pdf 26KB)Hidden Information, Adverse Selection, Signaling, Strong Insurance Ethic
競爭性保險市場之理論文獻,通常未涉及保險倫理的層面,僅著重於市場均衡的存在性與其均衡多寡(保險費與保額)的探討,本文討論的重點則是將樹種著名競爭性保險市場均衡模型,重新依照保險倫理的規範,包括強、弱性的保險倫理,所謂強性保險倫理,及紙競爭性保險市場模型,在分隔均衡且足額保險情況下,同時完全滿足含有履行告知、通之義務之自我選擇條件、損益兩平條件與市場進入誘因不存在條件等,與之相對者則為弱性保險倫理,加以探討分類並建構一完整的保險倫理價值表,以使競爭性保險市場之分析,更趨於完整。同時,在保險管理實務上,亦能配合保險法59、64條相關告知、通知義務條文之精神,透過此種倫理之貴犯以增進被保險人相關危險訊息之傳遞且更有助於保險人危險的選擇,包括事前、事後之選擇,以降低可能存在的危險逆選擇、道德危險與高低危險群間費率交叉補貼之情況,並進一步促進競爭性保險市場經營之穩定。