中山管理評論  2008/3
第16卷第1期 p.9-50
Department of Business Administration, National Cheng Kung University , Department of Business Administration, National Cheng Kung University , Department of Business Administration, National Cheng Kung University
企業為緊密結合整體供應鏈體系成員的資源,將彼此之間各環節的活動透 過流程管控、資訊分享及協同合作等,來促成整體供應鏈管理價值網的說競合體 系。但供應鏈體系中各個產業的組織丈化、管理風格、協同運作模式及資訊架 構各有差異,相同的方案應用在不同的組織其實施成效不盡相同。準此,本研 究目的涵括:供應鏈管理與協同作業實況、供應鏈的環境因素對協同作業的影 響,以及組織特徵對協同合作與供應鏈績效的干擾效果。研究首先採用質性分 析,以確定研究變數,拉著再進行量性分析。個案研究發現供應鏈之下游大廠 經常主導產業之協同運作,供應鏈體系成員之合作緊密程度與績效有明顯的關 聯。計量分析發現企業在預期競爭的心理,為了增加市場反應力會促使協同運 作更靈活,對供應鏈管理績效有正向顯著影響。不同的企業組織特徵對協同作 業與供應鏈績效亦有顯著干擾作用,但仍缺乏協同合作的共識與自律。此外, 特別重視人力資源的企業,其供應鏈績效較佳。
(633477700267812500.pdf 77KB)供應鏈管理、協同作業、價值鏈體系
In order to establish a superior co-competition system with the integration of supply chain resources, enterprises control business process, information sharing and collaboration to contribute in the network of supply chain management (SCM). Each enterprise in the network supply chain system comprises different of organizational culture, management style, collaboration mode and framework of IT. Hence, same strategy applies to different enterprises might lead to different performances. Therefore, this study aims to examine current business environment especially to test the factors of environment in SCM that would affect collaboration, and subsequently examines the moderating effect of organizational characteristics toward collaboration and performance of supply chain. The methodology of this study comprises both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative section is to determine variables by conducting case study; quantitative is to analyze the collected data by using questionnaire. In the case study, the author founds downstream prevailing enterprises in the supply chain often led the collaboration operation; the performance in the network members was highly related to how close they worked together. According to the quantitative analysis, in order to enhance the ability of market reaction and competitiveness, enterprises preferred flexibility in collaboration and it significantly had positive affect to the performance of SCM. The moderating effect of different organizational characteristics toward the collaboration and performance of SCM also showed statistically significant, but still lacked of self-discipline and consensus on collaboration. Furthermore, enterprises which particularly emphasized on human resource showed better performance of SCM.
(633477700267812500.pdf 77KB)Supply Chain Management, Collaboration, Value Chain Net
供應鏈管理系統試圖連結企業內外部組織,結盟夥伴並整合資源與生產能耐,獲取更豐富與專業的資訊。企業在導入協同作業模式後,有助於瞭解自身的核心價值與競爭優勢,並在價值鏈中找出其獨特的價值定位,為企業帶來更靈活的合作關係,以促成最佳的夥伴競合運作。本文主要在探討目前產業之供應鏈管理與協同作業實況、企業供應鏈的環境因素對協同作業的影響,以及組織特徵對協同作業與供應鏈績效的干擾效果。首先經由個案調查結果顯示,供應鏈之下游大廠經常主導產業之協同運作,而且供應鏈體系成員之緊密合作程度與績效有明顯的關連;接著再以實證分析後發現:企業基於預期競爭的心理,為了提升對市場的因應能力,將促使協同運作更加靈活,對供應鏈管理績效有正向顯著影響;不同的企業組織特徵對協同作業與供應鏈績效有顯著的干擾作用;供應鏈中的企業廠商仍缺乏協同合作的共識與自律;特別重視人力資源的企業,其供應鏈績效較佳。最後,將本研究的實務內涵概述如下:(1)現階段企業推行的協同作業,確實面臨技術或管理的難處,或甚至是企業仍存著觀望心態,等待時機成熟。企業有必要規劃階段性計畫逐一克服問題。(2)由個案可瞭解供應鏈的權力已慢慢轉移至下游的顧客,位居下游的廠商掌握了主導整體供應鏈體系運作成敗關鍵;協同作業可選擇資訊整合度高以及配合意願較高的廠商合作,共同制訂資料交換與合作標準的建立,進行上下游的整合。(3)供應鏈體系成員為了因應需求的不確定性,需建立共識藉由有效的產銷協同計畫來增加因應市場的彈性,IT的應用與普及或許可以加強彼此間的溝通與合作。(4)企業在導入新的觀念或經營模式,難免會受到組織內部的人員、流程、政策等因素之影響,相同的方案應用在不同的組織,其實施成效不盡相同。不過,最重要的還是組織中高層的支持與員工落實執行、教育訓練員工接受新的科技改變,以及透過成員間反覆執行綿密的作業協調與互動,逐一將營運作業同步化。