中山管理評論

  期刊全文閱覽

中山管理評論  2018/9

第26卷第3期  p.453-478

DOI:DOI: 10.6160/SYSMR.201809_26(3).0003


題目
以劇場理論觀點探討消費者體驗對品牌忠誠之影響
The Influence of Experiential Elements on Brand Loyalty from the Theory of Theater
(140_M5ba4a04493c8c_Full.pdf 930KB)

作者
高義芳、劉上嘉、唐珮琳/輔仁大學企業管理學系、輔仁大學企業管理學系、輔仁大學企業管理學系
Yie-Fang Kao, Shang-Chia Liu, Pei-Lin Tang/

Department of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University; Department of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University;Department of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University


摘要(中文)

體驗行銷為體驗經濟時代的行銷利器,消費者所關心的重點是更高層次的體驗享受,過去的研究缺乏以系統化方式探討體驗元素對於消費者態度之影響。本研究以劇場理論觀點定義商店的體驗元素,提出影響品牌忠誠的研究模型,並以問卷調查法收集實體店面體驗,根據394位有效樣本經PLS分析後,發現體驗元素會顯著影響消費者的商店體驗品質與品牌體驗價值,而消費者的商店體驗品質與品牌體驗價值均會正向影響品牌忠誠。此外,根據推敲可能性模式,本研究亦驗證產品知識低的消費者,其形塑品牌忠誠的過程受到商店體驗品質的影響顯著高於產品知識性高的消費者。本研究的研究結果提供實務業者營造體驗元素及提昇顧客忠誠之具體建議。

(140_M5ba4a04493c8c_Abs.pdf(檔案不存在))

關鍵字(中文)

劇場體驗元素、體驗品質、體驗價值、品牌忠誠、體驗行銷


摘要(英文)

Experiential marketing is the key marketing tool for the experience economy. Consumers are no longer interested in products or service, but enjoy the experience of purchasing. The past researches emphasize on the importance of experiential marketing, but lack of a systematic view to explore the influence of experiential elements on the consumer’s attitude. Based on the theory of the theater, this paper defines the elements of the store experience, establishes a model which influences the brand loyalty, collects the customer opinion and experience in bricks and mortar stores according to the 394 valid questionnaire sample data. After the PLS analysis found that the experience elements will significantly affect the consumer's store experience quality and brand experience value, and brand experience value will be affected by the quality of store experience. The consumer experience and brand experience value will have positively influence on the brand loyalty. According to the feasibility model, this study also validates consumers with low product knowledge when forming the brand loyalty will be easier influenced by the quality of the store experience compare with higher product knowledge customer.

(140_M5ba4a04493c8c_Abs.pdf(檔案不存在))

關鍵字(英文)

Experiential Theater Factors, Experiential Quality, Experiential Value, Brand Loyalty, Experiential Marketing


政策與管理意涵

在影響品牌體驗價值之因素中,體驗品質的影響程度高於產品吸引力,體驗品質仍會深刻影響消費者的品牌體驗價值,因此,廠商在提昇產品品質的同時,對於商店體驗品質的營造亦應重視。在提昇產品吸引力方面,廠商可以透過顧客觀察、深度訪談或問卷調查等方式瞭解顧客需求,以本研究之分析標的-床墊為例,現今消費者考量購買床墊的因素有很大的比重是為了健康而購買。因此,建議未來床墊業者在開發或行銷產品時,可多著重於健康方面的考量,透過床墊外觀、內材、彈簧等設計,再加上認證標章的保證,以確保床墊品質無虞,甚至可與醫院或醫學專家配合研發機能性商品,以期滿足消費者需求,為顧客提供更加難忘之體驗感受。 在營造商店體驗品質方面,根據實證分析結果,劇場體驗元素對體驗品質之影響程度最高者為服務人員服務品質。因此,建議未來床墊業者應著重於服務人員的教育訓練,可定期安排培訓課程加強服務人員對產品及服務流程的熟悉度及相關專業知識,並不定期地隨機訪查服務人員與顧客之互動情況,更能夠進一步了解接觸顧客的第一線服務人員遇到的問題及困難,以期為顧客提供更好的體驗感受。此外,場域的空間設計方面,可以透過裝潢的外觀、產品陳列、音樂、溫度控制及清香氣味等元素來刺激消費者的五感體驗,使其產生體驗感受而提昇體驗品質。 消費者獲得品牌床墊之資訊管道以親友介紹居多,顯示大部份消費者在選擇欲購買之床墊時,會受到親朋好友推薦的影響,突顯出品牌忠誠之重要性。建議業者應加強商店及品牌之間的連結性及一致性,透過劇場體驗元素之調整,為消費者(尤其是缺乏產品經驗的消費者)提供一個難忘且值得回憶的體驗,進而使消費者更加喜歡及信賴該商店及該品牌的產品,使消費者願意於未來再度回到該商店購物或推薦親友前往該店消費,而消費者愈能感受該商店體驗品質,則未來對該品牌亦可能有較高的忠誠度。


參考文獻

陳簾伃,2004,體驗品質對情緒、價值、體驗滿意度、承諾及行為意圖影響之研究-以台灣現代戲劇演出為例,天主教輔仁大學管理學研究所碩士論文。(Chen, L. Y., 2004, The Influence of Experiential Quality on Emotion, Value, Experiential Satisfaction, and Behavior Intention — Taking the Drama in Taiwan as an Example, Master Thesis, Fu Jen Catholic University.)
曾佩琳,2003,策略性品牌認同發展研究以國內床墊業為例,國立政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。(Tsen, P. L., 2003, Strategic Brand Identity Development Research to Domestic Mattress Industry as an Example, Master Thesis, National Chengchi University.)
蔡哲民,2006,床墊軟硬度與人體脊椎曲度對躺姿下脊椎應力之影響,私立義守大學生物醫學工程學系碩士班碩士論文。(Cai, Z. M., 2006, Effects of Mattresses Firmness and Spinal Curvature on Stress Distribution of Human Spine in Lying, Master Thesis, I-Shou University.)
顧宜錚、李家瑩、黃相翎,2013,「有服務品質就足夠嗎?顧客體驗對網站滿意度之影響」,中山管理評論,21卷3期:479~509。(Ku, Y. C., Li, C. Y., and Huang, H. L., 2013, “Is Service Quality Enough? The Impact of Customer Experience on Website Satisfaction,” Sun Yat-Sen Management Review, Vol. 21, No. 3, 479-509.)
Aaker, D. A., 1991, Managing Brand Equity, 1st, New York: Simon and Schuster.
Arjun, C., 1999, “Does Brand Mediate Brand Equity Outcomes,” Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 2, 136-146.
Arnould, E. J., Price, L., and Zinkhan, G. M., 2002, Consumers, 1st, New York: McGraw-Hill.
Avolio, B. J., Yammarino, F. J., and Bass, B. M., 1991, “Identifying Common Methods Variance with Data Collected from A Single Source: An Unresolved Sticky Issue,” Journal of Management, Vol. 17, No. 3, 571-587.
Berry, L. L. and Parasuraman, A., 1991, Marketing Services: Competing Through Quality, 1st, New York: Simon and Schuster.
Bitner, M. J., 1990, “Evaluating Service Encounters: The Effects of Physical Surroundings and Employee Responses,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, No. 2, 69-82.
Bitner, M. J., 1992, “Servicescapes: The Impact of Physical Surroundings on Customers and Employees,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 56, No. 2, 57-71.
Bitner, M. J., Faranda, W. T., Hubbert, A. R., and Zeithaml, V. A., 1997,” Customer Contribution and Roles in Service Delivery,” International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 8, No. 3, 193-205.
Chin, W. W., 1998, “The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling” in Marcoulides, G. A. (eds.), Modern Methods for Business Research, 1st, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 295-336.
Chin, W. W. and Newsted, P. R., 1999, “Structural Equation Modeling Analysis with Small Samples Using Partial Least Squares” in Hoyle R. J. (eds.), Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research, Vol.2, 1st, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 307-341.
Cirrincione, A., Estes, Z., and Carù, A., 2014, “The Effect of Ambient Scent on the Experience of Art: Not as Good as It Smells” Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 31,No. 8, 615-627.
Cronin, J. J., Brady, M. K., and Hult, G. T. M., 2000, “Assessing the Effects of Quality, Value, and Customer Satisfaction on Consumer Behavioral Intentions in Service Environments,” Journal of Retailing, Vol. 76, No. 2, 193-218.
Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D., and Miniard, P. W., 1995, Consumer Behavior, 8th, New York: The Dryden Press.
Gentile, C., Spiller, N., and Noci, G., 2007, “How to Sustain the Customer Experience: An Overview of Experience Components that Co-create Value with the Customer.” European Management Journal, Vol. 25, No. 5, 395-410.
Goffman, E., 1959, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, 1st, New York: Anchor Books.
Goodwin, C., 1996, “Moving the Drama into the Factory: The Contribution of Metaphors to Service Research,” European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 30, No. 9, 13-36.
Gronholdt, L., Martensen, A., and Kristensen, K., 2000, “The Relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: Cross-industry Differences,” Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, Vol. 11, No 4-6, 509-514.
Grove, S. J. and Fisk, R. P., 1983, “The Dramaturgy of Services Exchange: An Analytical Framework for Services Marketing” in Berry, L. L., Shostak, G. L., and Upah, G. D. (eds.), Emerging Perspectives on Services Marketing, 1st, Chicago, IL: AMA, 45-49.
Grove, S. J., Fisk, R. P., and Dorsch, M. J., 1998, “Assessing the Theatrical Components of the Service Encounter: A Cluster Analysis Examination,” The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 18, No. 3, 116-134.
Grove, S. J., Fisk, R. P., and Bitner, M. J., 1992, “Dramatizing the Service Experience: A Managerial Approach,” Advances in Services Marketing and Management, Vol. 1, No. 1, 91-121.
Guiry, M., 1992, “Consumer and Employee Roles in Service Encounters,” Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 19, No. 1, 666-672.
Holbrook, M. B. and Hirschman, E. C., 1982, “The Experiential Aspects of Consumption: Consumer Fantasies, Feelings and Fun,” Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 9, No. 2, 132-140.
Howard B., 1977, Sociological Work: Method and Substance, 1st, NJ: Transactions Books.
Jaakkola, E., Helkkula, A., and Aarikka-Stenroos, L., 2015, “Service Experience Co-Creation: Conceptualization, Implications, and Future Research Directions,” Journal of Service Management, Vol. 26, No. 2, 182-205.
Jin, N. P., Lee, S., and Lee, H., 2015, “The Effect of Experience Quality on Perceived Value, Satisfaction, Image and Behavioral Intention of Water Park Patrons: New Versus Repeat Visitors,” International Journal of Tourism Research, Vol. 17, No. 1, 82-95.
Jo Bitner, M., Faranda, W. T., Hubbert, A. R., and Zeithaml, V. A., 1997, “Customer Contributions and Roles in Service Delivery,” International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 8, No. 3, 193-205.
Keng, C. J., Huang, T. L., Zheng, L. J., and Hsu, M. K., 2007, Modeling Service Encounters and Customer Experiential Value in Retailing: An Empirical Investigation of Shopping Mall Customers in Taiwan,” International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 18, No. 4, 349-367.
Keng, C. J., Tran, V. D., and Thi, T. M. L., 2013, “Relationships among Brand Experience, Brand Personality, and Customer Experiential Value,” Contemporary Management Research, Vol. 9, No. 3, 247-262.
Lee, T. H. and Chang, Y. S., 2012, “The Influence of Experiential Marketing and Activity Involvement on the Loyalty Intentions of Wine Tourists in Taiwan,” Leisure Studies, Vol. 31, No. 1, 103-121.
Lefkoff-Hagius, R. and Mason, C. H., 1993, “Characteristic, Beneficial, and Image Attributes in Consumer Judgments of Similarity and Preference,” Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 20, No. 1, 100-110.
Manhas, P. S. and Tukamushaba, E. K., 2015, “Understanding Service Experience and Its Impact on Brand Image in Hospitality Sector,” International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol. 45, No. 77-87.
Mathwick, C., Malhotra, N., and Rigdon, E., 2001, “Experiential Value: Conceptualization, Measurement and Application in the Catalog and Internet Shopping Environment,” Journal of Retailing, Vol. 77, No. 1, 39-56.
Mattsson, J., 1994, “Improving Service Quality in Person-to-person Encounters: Integrating Findings from a Multi-Disciplinary Review,” The Service Industries Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1, 45-61.
O'Dell, C. S., Grayson Jr., C. J., and Essaides, N., 1998, If Only We Knew What We Know: The Transfer of internal Knowledge and Best Practice, 1st, New York: The Free Press.
Petty, R. E. and Cacioppo, J. T., 1981, Attitudes and Persuasion: Classic and Contemporary Approaches, 1st, Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Petty, R. E. and Cacioppo, J. T., 1984, “Source Factors and the Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion,” Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 11, No. 1, 668-672.
Petty, R. E., and Cacioppo, J. T., 1986, Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change, 1st, New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
Pine, B. J. and Gilmore, J. H., 1999, The Experience Economy: Work Is Theatre & Every Business A Stage, 1st, Boston: Harvard Business Press.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., and Podsakoff, N. P., 2003. “Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies,” Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 88, No. 5, 879-903.
Rose, S., Hair, N., and Clark, M., 2011, “Online Customer Experience: A Review of The Business-to-consumer Online Purchase Context,” International Journal of Management Reviews, Vol. 13, No. 1, 24-39.
Schechner, R., 1988, Performance Theory, 1st, New York and London: Routledge.
Schmitt, B., 1999, “Experiential Marketing,” Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 15, No. 1-3, 53-67.
Schmitt, B., 1999, Experiential Marketing:How to Get Customers to Sense, Feel, Think, Act and Relate to Your Company and Brand, 1st, New York: The Free Press.
Shah, A. K. and Alter, A. L., 2014, “Consuming Experiential Categories,” Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 41, No. 4, 965-977.
Sheth, J. N., Newman, B. I., and Gross, B. L., 1991, “Why We Buy What We Buy: A Theory of Consumption Values,” Journal of Business Research, Vol. 22, No. 2, 159-170.
Verhagen, T., Feldberg, F., van den Hooff, B., Meents, S., and Merikivi, J., 2011, “Satisfaction with Virtual Worlds: An Integrated Model of Experiential Value,” Information & Management, Vol. 48, No. 6, 201-207.
Zeithaml, V. A., 1988, “Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality and Value: A Means-end Model and Synthesis of Evidence,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 52, No. 3, 2-22.
Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., and Parasuraman, A., 1996, “The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No. 2, 31-46.
Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., and Parasuraman, A., 1985, “Problems and Strategies in Services Marketing,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 49, No. 2, 33-46.